In spoken language analysis an utterance is a
smallest unit of speech. It is a continuous piece of speech beginning and
ending with a clear pause. In the case of oral languages, it is generally
but not always bounded by silence.
Utterances do not exist in written language,
only their representations do. They can be represented and delineated in written
language in many ways.
In oral/spoken language utterances have several features including
paralinguistic features which are aspects of speech such as facial
expression, gesture, and posture.
Prosodic features include stress, intonation, and tone of voice, as well
as ellipsis, which are words that the listener inserts in spoken language
to fill gaps. Moreover, other aspects of utterances found in spoken languages
are non-fluency features including: voiced/un-voiced pauses (like
"umm"), tag questions, and false starts when someone begins their
utterances again to correct themselves.
Other features include: fillers ("and stuff"); accent/dialect;
deictic expressions, which are utterances like "over there!" which
need further explanation to be understood; simple conjunctions
("and," "but," etc.); and colloquial lexis which are
everyday informal words.
0 comentarios:
Publicar un comentario